Mercado e comercialização na ovinocultura de corte no Brasil.

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar os dados relativos ao mercado e à comercialização da carne ovina no Brasil. Especificamente destacam-se os principais estados produtores, a questão da importação, os preços praticados, a estrutura agrária brasileira como um fator significativo para análise deste setor produtivo e o mercado internacional da ovinocultura. Para tanto são utilizados dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, da Organização das Nações Unidas para Agricultura e Alimentação e outras fontes secundárias especializadas no setor. Os países com o maior rebanho ovino no mundo são China, Índia e Austrália, respectivamente, e a produção de carne ovina está concentrada majoritariamente no continente asiático (52%). Os dados demonstram que o Brasil possui o rebanho ovino concentrado em alguns estados da região Nordeste e no Rio Grande do Sul, os preços aos produtores têm se mantido estáveis no último ano com uma leve tendência de alta, que há uma tendência para o desenvolvimento da indústria de abate e de processamento e, como consequência, uma aproximação ao mercado consumidor. No entanto, conclui-se que persistem entraves organizacionais que impedem o desenvolvimento do setor e que precisam ser superados com urgência. Abstract: The aim of this paper is to present data on the market and the commercialization of sheep meat in Brazil. Specifically we highlight the major producing states, the issue of importation, the prices, the Brazilian agrarian structure as a significant factor for the analysis of this sector and the international market. To achieve this goal, the data were provided by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and by the United Nations Food and Agriculture and other specialized secondary sources. Countries with the largest sheep flock in the world are China, India and Australia, respectively, and the meat production is mainly concentrated in Asia (52%). The data show that Brazilian sheep flock are concentrated in a few states in the Northeast and Rio Grande do Sul, the producer prices have remained stable over the last year with a slight upward trend, there is a tendency for the development of slaughter and processing industry and, as a consequence, an approximation to the consumer market. However, it is concluded that organizational obstacles remain and hinder the development of the sector and they must be overcome urgently

Orbital magnetism in axially deformed sodium clusters: From scissors mode to dia-para magnetic anisotropy

Low-energy orbital magnetic dipole excitations, known as scissors mode (SM), are studied in alkali metal clusters. Subsequent dynamic and static effects are explored. The treatment is based on a self-consistent microscopic approach using the jellium approximation for the ionic background and the Kohn-Sham mean field for the electrons. The microscopic origin of SM and its main features (structure of the mode in light and medium clusters, separation into low- and high-energy plasmons, coupling high-energy M1 scissors and E2 quadrupole plasmons, contributions of shape isomers, etc) are discussed. The scissors M1 strength acquires large values with increasing cluster size. The mode is responsible for the van Vleck paramagnetism of spin-saturated clusters. Quantum shell effects induce a fragile interplay between Langevin diamagnetism and van Vleck paramagnetism and lead to a remarkable dia-para anisotropy in magnetic susceptibility of particular light clusters. Finally, several routes for observing the SM experimentally are discussed.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figure

Alternativa para o descarte de palhada resultante da produção de sementes de capim.

A utilização da varredura, como método de colheita de sementes dessas plantas, requer corte e enleiramento das plantas, para que as sementes acumuladas sobre a superfície do solo possam ser varridas e coletadas; Em razão do grande rendimento proporcionado e da maior qualidade fisiológica das sementes resultantes, esse procedimento tornou-se o mais popular método de colheita de sementes de forrageiras no Brasil.bitstream/CPPSE/14628/1/PROCICT39FHDS2003.00211.pd

Can domain-based local pair natural orbitals approaches accurately predict phosphorescence energies?

Since the discovery of the peculiar conducting and optical properties of aromatics, many efforts have been made to characterize and predict their phosphorescence. This physical process is exploited in modern Organic Emitting Light Diodes (OLEDs), and it is also one of the processes decreasing the efficiency of Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Herein, we propose a computational strategy for the accurate calculation of singlet–triplet gaps of aromatic compounds, which provides results that are in excellent agreement with available experimental data. Our approach relies on the domain-based local pair natural orbital (DLPNO) variant of the “gold standard” CCSD(T) method. The convergence of our results with respect to the key technical parameters of the calculation, such as the basis set used, the approximations employed in the perturbative triples correction, and the dimension of the PNOs space, was thoroughly discussed

Dark Sector from Interacting Canonical and Non-Canonical Scalar Fields

In this work it is investigated general models with interactions between two canonical scalar fields and between one non-canonical (tachyon-type) and one canonical scalar field. The potentials and couplings to the gravity are selected through the Noether symmetry approach. These general models are employed to describe interactions between dark energy and dark matter, with the fields being constrained by the astronomical data. The cosmological solutions of some cases are compared with the observed evolution of the late Universe.Comment: 20 pages, 13 figures, correction of misprints in eqs. (4), (5), (43), (44

Optimal estimation of losses at the ultimate quantum limit with non-Gaussian states

We address the estimation of the loss parameter of a bosonic channel probed by arbitrary signals. Unlike the optimal Gaussian probes, which can attain the ultimate bound on precision asymptotically either for very small or very large losses, we prove that Fock states at any fixed photon number saturate the bound unconditionally for any value of the loss. In the relevant regime of low-energy probes, we demonstrate that superpositions of the first low-lying Fock states yield an absolute improvement over any Gaussian probe. Such few-photon states can be recast quite generally as truncations of de-Gaussified photon-subtracted states.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure